Editorial office and administration: Editura Ştiinţifică F.M.R., Calea Griviţei, nr. 83, sector 1, O.P.12, cod 010705, Bucharest, ROMANIA Tel.: +(40)-21-310 71 38, +(40)-21-0722 665 071 Fax: +(40)-21-310 71 38 E-mail: redactia@metalurgia.ro www.metalurgia.ro Readers from abroad can subscribe through Editura Ştiinţifică F.M.R., at following accounts: RON: 82BPOS70706464746RON01 Cod BIC: bposrobu; CIF: 06464746 BANCPOST Sucursala Griviţa, Bucureşti RON: RO53MIND001000007585RO01 USD: RO67 MIND 001 00000 7585 US01 EURO : RO10 MIND 001 00000 7585EUR01 ATE BANK Romania Sucursala Griviţei-Bucuresti Copyright © 2007 editura Ştiinţifică F.M.R.-Bucharest, Romania The copyright of parts from this publication is allowed with the written agreement of the editor. Manager Scientific Publishing House F.M.R.: eng. Florentina Brânduşa Scorţea Assistant-secretary Editura Ştiinţifică F.M.R. Anca Ion	Metalurgia INTERNATIONAL (magazine set-up in 1995) English version, published by romanian metallurgical foundation Honorary president of scientific publishing house f.m.r. Dr. ec. Lepădatu v. gheorghe vol. XII (2007) no.10 romanian metallurgical foundation Scientific publishing house
Honourary Staff (in alphabetical order) bensabra hakim (algeria), BORDEA MARIUS, chabour salem (algeria), gencang yang (china), R. S. HOUK (S.U.A.), I. IMRIŠ (TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF KOŠICE, SLOVAK REPUBLIC), puşici miho (Slovenia), roşescu gheorghe (grecia), roxana ruxandra (california), w.m. nicola (tri. state university angola, indiana, s.u.a.), xianqing you (china)
romanian metallurgical foundation Scientific publishing house editorial board : Prof. colan horia Ph. D., member of Romanian Academy of Technical Sciences Prof. Coşmeleaţă georgeta Ph. D. Prof. Elena drăgulănescu Ph. D., Catedra GDGI, Aerospatial Engineering Faculty, Bucharest Politechnical University, Romania Prof. Dumitrescu Constantin Ph. D., deputy member of Romanian Academy of Technical Science Prof. French David Ph. D., CSIRO Energy Technology, Australia Prof. Găluşcă Dan-Gelu Ph. D. Prof. Mihaela Grigore Ph. D., University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Prof. Lawson Cristopher Ph. D., Copenhague Technical Institute, Denmark Dr. Ec. Lepădatu V.Gheorghe, Demetrius Cantemir Christian University, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Nicolae Avram Ph. D. Prof. Maria Nicolae Ph. D. Prof. doc. Oprea Florea Ph. D., member of Romanian Academy of Technical Sciences Prof. Veena Sahajwalla Ph. D., University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Prof. Sakurovs Richard Ph. D., CSIRO Energy Technology, Australia Prof. Salvo Luc Ph. D., Grenoble National Politechnical Institute, France Prof. Saiter Jean-Marc Ph. D., Rouen University, France Prof. Simiti Ioan Vida Ph. D. Prof. Sofroni Laurenţie Ph. D., member of Romanian Academy of Technical Sciences Prof. Şaban Rami Ph. D., Dean of Materials Science Faculty, Bucharest Politechnical University Prof. ŞTEFĂNESCU DORU Ph. D, Ohio State University Columbus, S.U.A. Prof.VASIU Teodor Ph. D., Faculty of „Engineering” in Hunedoara, Romania advisory board : Prof. erika ardelean Ph. D Prof. bejan Mircea Ph. D Prof. cănănău nicolae Ph. D Prof. hepuţ teodor Ph. D Prof. miloşan ioan Ph. D Prof. Doina Răducanu Ph. D Prof. rusu nicolae Ph. D Prof. samoilă Corneliu Ph. D prof. semenescu augustin ph. d Prof. SOFONEA GALAgTION Ph. D Prof. VARGA BELA Ph. D Managing Director: Editor-in-chief: Prof. Scorţea Costin Ph. D.		Contents Issn 1582 – 2214 researches in the materials science field .…5 - 35 Georgeta Predeanu: Structural properties developed on lignite by physical activation …..…. 5 KISS Imre, MAKSAY Stefan: The cast iron cylinders between the quality assurance and the mathematical interpretations …………………... 11 Amalia Ana DASCĂL: Experimental researches on the tenacity characteristics of steel 16Mo3 …….. 19 Raţiu Sorin, Alexa Vasile: Numerical simulation of thermal transfer in flame-heated ovens ……... 24 X X X Ghionea Florian: Explicit model of a smoothing process in urban transport of passangers …….... 31 Financial economic management. accountancy in metallurgy.......................... 36 - 38 Lepădatu V. Gheorghe: The ABM method (Activity Based Management) ………………..…. 36 ? FOSECO Turbostop system – reference list… I-II ? Press Release…..…………………..…..…...... III-V ? New books, published by romanian metallurgical foundation…………….……..…….....…..... VI-VII

abstract

metalurgia International 10/2007

Key words: Coal, Xylite, Carbonization; Activated carbon; Surface properties Georgeta Predeanu: Structural properties developed on lignite by physical activation Metalurgia International (vol. XII), no.10, 2007, p. 5 This study was undertaken to provide some data on the estimation of Romanian activated xylites, which are similar to the classical adsorbents used for waste waters purification, and on long term available. A summary of the experimental conditions used in this work are included: the carbonization carried out at 400-600^0C in a rotary kiln, the steam activation performed in a vertical retort at 950-1000^0C. The effect of the raw material and the main parameters such as temperature and thermal treatment time that deeply influence the physical properties of the activated carbon (AC) were studied. In the xylite activated charcoal a uniform porous structure was developed which consists mainly of micropore giving a high BET surface area of more than 600 m^2/g for granulated AC and of almost 900 m^2/g for pelletized samples, giving good adsorptive properties. Key words: iron rolls, alloying elements, hardness, molding, optimization, graphical addenda KISS Imre, MAKSAY Stefan: The cast iron cylinders between the quality assurance and the mathematical interpretations Metalurgia International (vol. XII), no.10, 2007, p. 11 This paper suggest a mathematical interpretation of the influence of the basic chemical composition over the mechanical characteristics (the hardness on the rolling surface and on the necks of the rolls) of this nodular irons, resulting the equations of the hyper surface in the four and three dimensional space, the average values and average square aberration of the dependencies. For the statistical and mathematical analysis, there were used some industrial cases. The resulted surfaces, belonging to the three-dimensional space, can be represented and, therefore, interpreted by technologists. Knowing these level curves allows the correlation of the values of the twos independent variables so that the hardness can be obtained in between the requested limits. The paper presents the results of some researches regarding the chemical composition of the nodular irons destined for casting semihard rolls. It is presented, in graphical form, used the Matlab area, the influence of the basic chemical composition upon the hardness, which are measured on the necks and the core of the rolls, respectively on the working surface (body) of these very important rolling mill components. Key words: high temperature, thermal resistant steel, mechanical testing, life-length, mechanical feature Amalia Ana DASCĂL: Experimental researches on the tenacity characteristics of steel 16Mo3 Metalurgia International (vol. XII), no.10, 2007, p. 19 The paper introduces the shock bending test for steel grade 16Mo3 carried out on Mesnager-type test rods (the groove depth h = 2 mm) under high temperatures. The test rods were longitudinal, respectively cross-sectional samples of semi-finished ingots.

We introduced the results of the experiments and the analysis of the influence that the type of test rod sampled longitudinally or cross-sectionally with respect to the rolling direction, has upon the values of resilience. During the experiments, the heating of the test rods meant for bend shock under high temperatures was being done in an oven built by the author on this particular purpose. Key words: numerical simulation, heat transfer, FEA method, thermo-coupling, gauging, data acquisition Raţiu Sorin, Alexa Vasile: Numerical simulation of thermal transfer in flame-heated ovens Metalurgia International (vol. XII), no.10, 2007, p. 24 The paper presents a study concerning the numerical simulation of heat transfer issues by finite element method. The heat transfer occurs in the heating process of the steel billets into flame-heated ovens. The results obtained by FEA method using ALGOR package are compared with experimental data which are obtained by a particular method of temperature gauging in various points inside the work area of an experimental laboratory installation in which we simulate the heating conditions in industrial flame-heated ovens. The data we collected from a series of thermo-couplings have been stored and processed on a computer using appropriate software. Key words: smoothing process in urban transport Ghionea Florian: Explicit model of a smoothing process in urban transport of passangers Metalurgia International (vol. XII), no.10, 2007, p. 31 The present paper shows that it is possible to interpretation some of the economical rules in function of type of the objectives (tactical or operational) for a exploitation problem : the “zero paths”. The presented mathematical model follows a rational way to settle this problem – choosing an equidistant trajectory between two type of costs : maintaining the transport process in certain parameters implies specific costs; trying to transform the process for minimizing the differences between wishes and possibilities, implies another costs. In papers there are an algorithm for obtaining the solution of a smoothing process directly had been described. Key words: financial administration accountancy, cost calculation, activity basic management, direct costs, indirect costs Lepădatu V. Gheorghe: The ABM method (Activity Based Management) Metalurgia International (vol. XII), no.10, 2007, p. 36 The activity management is based on undertaken splitting by activities, similar to that defined by the ABC method. For some authors, the activity management is considered as a development and improvement of the ABC method. For others, ABC represents a subproduct of the activity management. A third category of authors has a different conception, considering the ABC a calculation tool for costs, and the ABM method as a psychology of the performance management.

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